Metal Casting
Other Metal Craft
History
Metal casting is an ancient technique dating back over 6,000 years, with early evidence found in Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley. It involves pouring molten metal into molds to create tools, weapons, and art. The lost-wax casting method was widely used in ancient India, China, and Egypt. In India, the famous bronze dancing girl of Mohenjo-daro showcases early casting skills. Over time, the craft evolved with advanced techniques and continues to be vital in art and industry today.
Raw Materials and Tools
Raw Materials: Bronze, brass, aluminum, iron; sand, clay, or wax for molds. In traditional lost-wax casting, beeswax or paraffin is shaped and coated with clay.
Tools: Furnaces for melting, ladles for pouring, tongs, chisels, and hammers for finishing. Modern casting may use metal or resin molds.
Process
The metal casting process begins with creating a mold, often using sand, clay, or the lost-wax method. In lost-wax casting, a wax model is made and coated with clay to form a mold. Once dried, it’s heated to melt and drain the wax, leaving a cavity. Molten metal is then poured into this space. After cooling, the mold is broken to reveal the cast object. The final piece is cleaned, polished, and detailed using tools for finishing touches.
Design and Color
Designs are shaped by the mold and can feature intricate patterns, textures, or sculptural forms. Symmetry and artistic flourishes are common. Natural metallic sheen is often retained; patination can add greens, blues, or browns via controlled surface oxidation to enhance depth and character.
Product Range
Products span both functional and decorative domains: sculptures, statues, and figurines; hardware like door handles and faucets; lighting such as chandeliers; jewelry including rings, necklaces, and bracelets; and industrial castings like engine parts and machine components—demonstrating the technique’s versatility.